What does an authorization matrix control in a database?

An authorization matrix is a crucial tool used in database management that delineates the rights and permissions assigned to various users within a database system. By outlining what each user can access, modify, or manage, it helps enforce security protocols and ensures that users only interact with the data that is pertinent to their roles. This reinforces the concept of least privilege, wherein users gain access only to the information necessary for their functions, thereby minimizing the risk of unauthorized access and potential data misuse.

The other options pertain to different aspects of database management that do not directly relate to the specific function of an authorization matrix. While data integrity is essential for maintaining the accuracy and consistency of data over its lifecycle, it's not the primary purpose of an authorization matrix. Similarly, tracking health records or reducing data redundancy involves other mechanisms and principles in database management, such as record-keeping practices and normalization, respectively. The defining factor of the authorization matrix lies in its function of outlining user permissions and access rights clearly.