What does hematemesis refer to?

Hematemesis refers specifically to the act of vomiting blood, which can indicate underlying health issues related to the gastrointestinal tract. This condition can arise from various sources, such as bleeding within the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum, often due to ulcers, varices, or other forms of gastrointestinal pathology. The presence of blood in vomit can vary in appearance—from bright red to a dark, coffee ground-like substance, which helps in assessing the severity and location of the bleeding.

Understanding this terminology is essential in the healthcare context, as it allows healthcare professionals to communicate effectively about patient symptoms and guide further diagnostic and treatment steps.