What is a primary cause of ischemic heart disease?

Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries is recognized as a primary cause of ischemic heart disease. This condition occurs when fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of the coronary arteries, leading to narrowing and hardening. As the arteries reduce in size, the blood flow to the heart muscle becomes restricted, especially during physical exertion or stress when the heart requires increased blood and oxygen. This reduced blood flow can lead to symptoms such as chest pain (angina) and, in severe cases, can result in a heart attack.

Understanding atherosclerosis is critical, as it reveals the underlying mechanisms that contribute to ischemic heart disease over time. Other factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking can exacerbate the development of atherosclerosis, making it a central focus for prevention and treatment strategies in the realm of heart health.

While conditions like arrhythmias and respiratory distress can affect heart function, they are not primary causes of ischemic heart disease, but rather complications or consequences of underlying cardiovascular issues. Cirrhosis of the liver, on the other hand, is not directly related to ischemic heart disease, although it can impact overall health and cardiovascular risks indirectly.