What is the first step in the research process?

The first step in the research process is formulating the hypothesis. This step is crucial because it requires the researcher to clearly define the problem or question that the research aims to address. The hypothesis provides a specific, testable prediction about the relationship between variables or outcomes. This foundational element guides the entire research process, informing the design, methodology, and data collection strategies.

Having a well-defined hypothesis is essential because it ensures that the researcher maintains focus throughout the study and can evaluate the results in the context of that initial question. This preliminary step lays the groundwork for subsequent phases, such as designing the study, obtaining consent, collecting data, and presenting the findings to the Research Ethics Board (REB). Without a solid hypothesis, the research can lack direction and purpose, making it challenging to draw meaningful conclusions.