What is the legal term that allows patients to control certain personal information?

The correct answer is privacy. This term encompasses the right of individuals to control their personal information and how it is used. Privacy rights are foundational in healthcare, where sensitive data about individuals is collected, stored, and shared. Patients must be able to determine who has access to their personal health information and set boundaries on how it is used. This concept is essential to maintaining trust between patients and healthcare providers, as well as complying with various regulations such as the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) in Canada.

While access pertains to the ability of patients to view their health information, it does not encompass the broader scope of control over that information. Confidentiality focuses on the duty of healthcare providers to protect patient information from unauthorized disclosure, rather than the rights of patients themselves. Security involves the safeguards and protections put in place to secure data, but again, it does not pertain directly to patients' rights to control their personal information. Thus, privacy is the most appropriate term that captures the essence of patient control over personal information.