What is the primary treatment for cryptorchidism?

The primary treatment for cryptorchidism is orchidopexy, which is a surgical procedure aimed at fixing an undescended testicle into its proper scrotal position. This intervention is essential because if left untreated, cryptorchidism can lead to various complications such as infertility, testicular cancer, and testicular torsion.

During orchidopexy, the surgeon will locate the undescended testicle and attach it to the wall of the scrotum, ensuring that it remains in place. Timing is crucial; the procedure is typically recommended before the age of 1, as early intervention can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of long-term complications.

Orchidectomy refers to the surgical removal of one or both testicles, which is not the standard treatment for cryptorchidism, as the focus is on retention and proper positioning of the testicle. Orchidolysis, which involves the release of a testicle that is tethered or obstructed, may be a part of the procedure but is not the primary treatment on its own. Testectomy, a term that is not commonly used in medical practice, essentially implies testicle removal, which does not address the condition of cryptorchidism.