Which model of health is based on the absence of disease?

The correct answer is the medical model, which is foundational in understanding health from a conventional perspective. This model primarily views health as the absence of disease or illness. It focuses on diagnosis and treatment of diseases, emphasizing biological processes and physical impairments. Under this perspective, health care is primarily concerned with identifying, treating, and managing medical conditions to restore individuals to a state of health defined as the absence of pathology.

In contrast, the holistic model is an approach that considers the whole person, including emotional, social, and environmental factors, in addition to physical health. The wellness model emphasizes the active pursuit of health and well-being, encouraging individuals to adopt behaviors that enhance overall health beyond just the absence of disease. These models offer broader interpretations of health that extend beyond the singular focus on disease present in the medical model.