Which of the following medical terms refers to excessive menstrual bleeding?

The term that refers to excessive menstrual bleeding is menorrhagia. This condition is characterized by abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, which can significantly affect a person's quality of life and may indicate underlying health issues.

Understanding the term in a broader context, dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstruation, oligomenorrhea denotes infrequent menstrual periods, and amenorrhea means the absence of menstruation. These terms describe various menstrual irregularities but do not specifically relate to the concept of heavy or excessive bleeding as menorrhagia does. By identifying menorrhagia as the correct answer, it encapsulates the definition directly related to the concern of excessive menstrual bleeding.